What is a significant risk factor for powdered formula that can affect neonates?

The significant risk factor for powdered formula that can affect neonates is Cronobacter (Enterobacter sakazakii). This organism is particularly concerning because it can survive in low-moisture environments, including powdered infant formula, which may not undergo any sterilization process during manufacturing. When the formula is reconstituted, if it is not handled properly or stored inappropriately, this bacteria can proliferate.

Neonates, especially those who are premature or have compromised immune systems, are at heightened risk for infections caused by Cronobacter, which can lead to severe conditions such as meningitis and sepsis. This risk underscores the importance of appropriate preparation and storage of powdered infant formula to minimize potential contamination.

Other organisms like Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and Listeria monocytogenes do pose risks in general food safety contexts but are not particularly associated with powdered formula in the same way as Cronobacter is. Therefore, focusing on the unique characteristics of Cronobacter highlights why it is regarded as a significant risk factor in the context of powdered formula for neonates.