What are two benefits of enteral nutrition (EN) over parenteral nutrition (PN)?

Enteral nutrition (EN) offers several advantages over parenteral nutrition (PN), two of which are highlighted in the correct answer. One of the primary benefits of EN is that it reduces the risk of infection. This is particularly important in pediatric patients, as PN requires intravenous access, which carries the potential for catheter-related infections. EN, being delivered through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, utilizes the body's natural pathways, thus minimizing the risk of introducing pathogens through invasive means.

Preserving gut function is another significant advantage of EN. When enteral feeds are provided, they stimulate gastrointestinal motility and promote the maintenance of the gut microbiome. This is crucial because adequate gut function helps in nutrient absorption and immune response, while prolonged use of PN can lead to gut atrophy and increased susceptibility to infections or other gastrointestinal complications.

Other options, while they may contain accurate statements regarding EN or PN, do not capture these critical benefits as effectively. For example, while EN can be less costly compared to PN and can be administered orally, the advantage of preserving gut function and reducing infection risk is far more clinically significant in many scenarios, especially in the pediatric population.