What are the most common deficiencies associated with Short Bowel Syndrome?

Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS) occurs when a significant portion of the small intestine is absent or non-functional, resulting in malabsorption of nutrients. In this condition, the body struggles to adequately absorb essential nutrients, leading to specific deficiencies.

The correct answer identifies that deficiencies are primarily seen in fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K), vitamin B12, zinc, and iron. Fat-soluble vitamins may not be absorbed effectively due to limited intestinal surface area necessary for their uptake. Vitamin B12 absorption is particularly vulnerable because it requires intrinsic factor, which may be deficient due to a shortened bowel. Zinc and iron are also commonly malabsorbed due to changes in the absorptive capacity of the remaining bowel.

While vitamins C and potassium are essential and may be deficient in some cases, they are not specifically highlighted as primary concerns in the context of SBS. Similarly, while vitamin D and iron are important, they are part of a broader concern for fat-soluble vitamins and other key nutrients associated with malabsorption in SBS. Thus, the focus on fat-soluble vitamins along with B12, zinc, and iron in the correct choice directly reflects the typical nutrient deficiencies encountered in patients with Short Bowel Syndrome.